Submissions

Author Guidelines

Before preparing a manuscript for submission, authors should review the journal’s Aims and Scope to ensure that their work fits the journal’s focus. Authors must also confirm that all requirements related to publication ethics, copyright, authorship, tables and figures formatting, data presentation, and referencing have been fully met. All co-authors must approve the final version of the manuscript prior to submission.

This journal operates under a full Open Access policy: readers are not charged to access published content. In addition, this journal does not charge any fees for submission, peer review, or publication (No Article Processing Charges / No APC).

1.     Submission

• Manuscripts should be written in clear academic English with correct grammar and style. Manuscripts in Indonesian may be considered according to the journal policy.
• Submissions must be made through the journal’s online submission system (OJS).
• Manuscripts must be submitted in Microsoft Word format (.doc/.docx) as a single file containing the complete text, tables, figures, references, and appendices (if any).
• The recommended manuscript length is 5,000–10,000 words, including all parts of the manuscript.

2.     Title Page
The first page of the manuscript should include:

• Full title of the article
• Full names of all authors
• Institutional affiliations (institution name, city, country)
• Email addresses of all authors
• ORCID iD (if available)
• The corresponding author must be clearly identified with full contact details.
  To support a blind review process, author identification may be provided in a separate file depending on the journal settings.

3.     Abstract
The abstract must be a clear and concise summary of the study written in one paragraph of 200–250 words, including:

• Background/Introduction
• Objective(s)
• Data and Methods
• Key Results
• Conclusion and Implications (policy/theoretical/practical)
• Abstract style requirements:

1. Maximum 200–250 words
2. Do not include citations/references
3. Avoid uncommon abbreviations
4. Maintain an objective and academic tone

4.     Keywords and Contribution to Literature
After the abstract, authors must provide:

• 3–5 keywords representing the core themes of the manuscript
• A Contribution/Originality Statement (maximum 50 words)
  
  Example format (Contribution/Originality):
  This study contributes to the development economics literature by examining [brief focus]. It provides new empirical evidence on [specific aspect] and offers implications for [policy/strategy/development practice].

5.     Manuscript Structure (Recommended)
A research article should generally include:

• Introduction
• Literature Review (and Hypotheses if applicable)
• Research Methods
• Results and Discussion
• Conclusion and Implications
• Acknowledgements (optional)
• References
• Appendices (optional)

6.     Abbreviations
All abbreviations must be spelled out at first use, followed by the abbreviation in parentheses.
Example: Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP).

7.     Tables and Figures Preparation
    Tables

• Tables must be numbered and titled (Table 1, Table 2, etc.)
• Use the table function in Microsoft Word (not images)
• Data sources must be provided when applicable
• Ensure tables are clearly readable
  Figures
• Figures must be numbered and titled (Figure 1, Figure 2, etc.)
• Minimum resolution: 1000 pixels or 300 dpi
• Text within figures must be clearly legible
• If using figures/maps from external sources, authors must provide proper citation and permission (if required)

8.     Reference and Citation Policy
This journal follows the APA (American Psychological Association) referencing style.
Requirements:

• All in-text citations must appear in the reference list
• All references in the reference list must be cited in the text
• The reference list must be arranged alphabetically (A–Z)

9.     Citation Policy
Authors must ensure that all external materials are properly cited and that necessary permissions have been obtained. Excessive self-citation should be avoided. Promotional or irrelevant citations are not allowed.
In accordance with publication ethics, verbatim text from other sources must be placed in quotation marks and cited appropriately.

10.  Footnotes
Footnotes (if used) must be numbered consecutively throughout the manuscript.

11.  Funding Statement
All funding sources must be disclosed. If there is no funding, authors should include the following statement:
This research received no specific grant from any funding agency in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.

12.  Ethics Statement (If Applicable)
Manuscripts involving human participants, sensitive data, or surveys requiring ethical clearance must include an ethics statement.
Examples:

• Approved by [Institution/Committee Name], Approval No. [XXXX]. Written informed consent was obtained.
• Ethical review was waived for this study because it did not involve human participants.
• Not applicable.

13.  AI Use Disclosure
Authors must disclose any use of AI tools in the preparation of the manuscript, including the tool name, version, and purpose.
Example:
The authors used ChatGPT (OpenAI) to improve language clarity and grammar. All content was reviewed and verified by the authors.
Failure to disclose AI use may be considered a breach of publication ethics.

14.  Data Availability Statement
Authors are encouraged to provide details on data availability, such as:

• Data are available upon reasonable request from the corresponding author; or
• Data are available in a repository (provide link); or
• No data are available for this study.

15.  Appendices
Supplementary materials may be included as appendices if needed to support the manuscript.

16.  Reviewer Suggestions (Optional)
Authors may suggest 2–3 potential reviewers with expertise in the manuscript topic. Suggested reviewers should not have conflicts of interest with the authors and should preferably come from different institutions.